GARY COOPER

American film actor. Appeared in films: "Morocco", "Mr Dids moved into the city," "Meet John Doe," "Sergeant York" (Oscar), "For whom the bell tolls," "Exactly at Noon "(Oscar). He was awarded a special Oscar for his great contribution to the art of cinema (1960).

Frank James (Gary) Cooper, born May 7th, 1901. His childhood passed at his family ranch in the state of Montana. Ability famously managed horses useful to him in the actor′s career. Education Gary was in the UK and USA. In college, where he studied painting and art history, it is called "Cowboy Cooper.

Gary tried to become a newspaper cartoonist, but without much success. In late 1922, he found myself in Los Angeles without work and without money. Happen on-cowboys friends advised him to find a studio statists.

For several years, Cooper for ten dollars a day performing tricks on horseback. Luck smiled to him in 1926 for the shooting of western "Winning of Barbara Worth. " Actor Harold Goodwin, approved for the role, was unable to take part in this movie. And then extra Gary Cooper dared to propose director Henry King as a candidate. The result exceeded all expectations: "Winning of Barbara Worth", the first picture with the Cooper, was a huge success. In this melodrama stars were occupied at the time Wilma Bank and Ronald Colman.

Photo — «Gary Cooper»

But audiences and critics all like Gary Cooper.

Hollywood studio Paramount "immediately signed him long-term contract to hold it exclusively in Western. First, bribe the actor′s appearance: height, slim figure, spare courageous person with direct - Roman - nosed, strong-willed, but not massive chin, and beautiful bright eyes. On his walk could write a whole study. At least it was engaging, and his onscreen behavior: a complete natural poses and gestures, confident deliberation movements, the quiet dignity, which is indicative of the extraordinary power of the individual and inspires faith in the possibility of them committing any feat. This attractive - in a variety of options for Gary Cooper proneset through the actors biography.

Less than two years, as for the execution of the role in "Virgin Islanders", he was recognized as the best actor in the year.

In 1929, after the paintings of Victor Fleming "Songs of the wolf" Cooper talked about already as a prominent actor. He was happy and finally, in love with his partner, actress Lyupe Velles, Mexican with a neat waist and bust smart. Even then the "Paramount" worried, as too liberal conduct of the actor "with the Mexican" did not hurt his image of the hero-righteous. The attention of the entire Los andzhelesskoy press was riveted by this novel. Popolzli rumors that Cooper and Velles going to marry.

Photo — «Gary Cooper»

And in the evening on Sept. 13, 1930 in press startler message: "The actress Lyupe Velles at the station was shot at point-blank range in his lover (and not five minutes of her husband), a Hollywood actor Gary Cooper. Fortunately, it missed. "

Lyupe did not know that the studio "Paramount" is actually delivered to him an ultimatum: give up either her or the line leading to the actor. Cooper - the audience′s favorite, the noble cowboy, a knight without fear and reproach - has been held hostage to their own image and had no right to destroy this myth scandalous adventures. Studio sends Cooper to Europe, away from Lyupe. For the audience - he goes on vacation.

In July 1931 ′Paramount′ returns its actor in Los Angeles, which begins shooting paintings "The Woman". Jack Moss Cooper advised collect . . . sports cars, and in the intervals between films - there are now no less than five per year - go to Africa to hunt. On the pages of magazines have carried pictures of the apartment actor in Los Angeles. The floors and seats upper room furnished tiger skins and zebras, the walls are decorated with the heads of lions, cheetah, antelope.

At the reception on the occasion of completion of the painting "We live today," Cooper met with the 20-year-old Veronika Belfe, a girl of high society: her grandfather was the richest fruity planters and stepfather - a powerful financier on Wall Street.

Photo — «Gary Cooper»

Young Rocky, as it was called home in raptures of Gary. December 15, 1933 they married.

This marriage of convenience for Cooper became almost unmanageable burden. "Gary vtisnul themselves in life, which is completely contrary to his nature, but which is imposed on him a wife: the endless dinners, receptions, and luxurious habits. We partner Gary, felt his true nature: it was created for the boundless prairies, and not for a litany room, restrained and subtle secular conversation bored him to death. Most of all he looked like a wild animal suffering in a cage "- recalls Ingrid Bergman.

Newspapers and magazines will be happy to publish photographs in which Gary shows a number of perfectly dressed with a young wife and a charming dochurkoy Mary.

During the late 20′s and 30′s, snyavshis more than thirty films, Cooper not only became one of the major stars of Hollywood, but also gaining a strong reputation as a professional, able to attach a variety of shades of its permanent roles. Influential Hollywood film critic said that there are two unsurpassed symbol of American cinema: Gary Cooper, and Charlie Chaplin.

Cooper with the same naturalness feels adventure and war film, comedy and psychological drama. The arrival of sound film increases its popularity. It turns out that it also stretches the word, like gestures, thoughtfully and with confidence in their own right.

Heroes Cooper strict code of honor horse. This does not depend on the fact whether the actor portrayed the famous western adventurer Wild Bill Hikoka in the film Cecilia de Mill "A resident of the Plains" (1936), or never existed texas knight Cole Harden of paintings by William Uaylera Man from the West "(1940) . Anyway they were both equally perfect and equally legendary.

From mass-produced Western, he quickly moves to the big picture, working with the leading masters of American cinema: Lewis Maylstounom ( "Betrayal", 1929), Josef von Sternberg ( "Morocco", 1930), Ruben Mamulyanom ( "City Streets", 1931 ), Frank Borzedzhem ( "A Farewell to Arms", 1933), King Vidorom ( "Wedding Night", 1934), Ernst Lubich (Eighth Wife Blue Beard, 1938). For the role of a millionaire Didsa social comedies of Frank Capra "Mr Dids moved to the city" (in the power of the dollar, "1936) he first claimed to Oscar. The prestigious prize has brought him in the movie Howard Houksa "Sergeant York" (1941) . . .

Of course, in a stream of films aimed at the exploitation of its appearance and popularity, the actor constantly lie dies, whether it be a cowboy or an officer. But the core is always the type of hundred percent American. It is no coincidence that Frank Capra Cooper requested a major role in their social comedy "Meet John Doe" (1941).

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Cooper never under any circumstances does not refuse to shoot. Day played in a movie night - in another. Once he came to shooting the movie "The devil and the abyss" quite sick, with high temperatures. Cooper spent several hours in the saddle, frantically galopiruya on nevadskoy desert. It was only after the operator turned off the camera, Gary fell unconscious.

When the "Paramount" solves film of Ernest Hemingway novel "For whom the bell tolls" (1943), the primary role prochat Gary. Hemingway and Cooper have been friends since then, when Gary first played by a young soldier in the movie "Farewell to Arms. " They travel together to Africa on safari, talking houses. For Hemingway Cooper was the only one who could play by Robert Jordan - a teacher, idealist American College, in love with Mary. It took considerable effort to "Paramount" Cooper was able to pull out of the "MGM".

For the role in the film "For whom the bell tolls," Gary Cooper once again among the nominees for the Oscar, but this time it was awarded kinoakademiki Lucas.

He continued in the western removed. During the filming the actor fell off his horse and miraculously did not crash to death. From the hospital, he goes by another man. Gall, irritable. And soon the impossible happens: 47-year-old Gary Cooper beat his wife Rocky. America in shock: how bitter it was disappointed in his knight, in his noble hero!

Partners in the painting is now afraid of Gary, actresses, usually willingly flirt with him at the shoot, trying to keep him away.

Photo — «Gary Cooper»

His frequent breakdowns, and again comes a time when it flows into the frenzy. Partner Patricia Neal to calm Gary, taking it in their make-up room . . .

Now, they are often seen together in cafes, on the embankment. For the first time since the history of Lyupe Gary feels that to truly love. Patricia Neal Gary at the age of 25 years.

Cooper throws the family and went to his mistress. First time in thirty years of his acting career Cooper interrupts the shooting, and takes away the Nile in Florida. He says the journalists that Patricia - the greatest love of his life.

Cooper seclusion in Florida gets to the eyes of art that are likely to end his career painting "Bright Leaf" in which Gary withdrew, along with Pat, bring the cash to collect twice as less than expected. Studio Paramount ′first loss to the film with the Cooper. "It is unlikely that Americans now want to see in the role of a noble knight of the hypocrites, who dropped out of his wife and child," - wrote the Los Angeles Times.

In 1952, on the screens out of Fred Western Tsinnemana "Exactly at noon," with Gary Cooper as a sheriff′s Kane. The fiftieth actor acutely experienced protracted spat with his wife, Rocky, and is no longer a special joy in the new novel from Patricia Neal. His pester arthritis, back pain and stomach ulcers, and as it turned out after the shooting, in addition to all Cooper need to remove the hernia.

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According to Hollywood popolzli rumors that the "olden CUE" its played. Two of his recent paintings were complete failure, and to work for producer Stanley Kramer, the actor was forced to significantly reduce their fees. "I said to him:" It looks tired, "- remembers Tsinneman. - And he did so, and perfectly. "

The first surprise was the picture that the character was not in anticipation of his courageous career, but in the end. Sheriff, slagaya with all the authority is going to leave. When the film "Exactly at noon, talking about" sverhvesterne. The main character of the painting has not the unconquerable champion, to whom everything is easy to give; Mask virtuoso sighting arrows "fly, and we see a single person injured man, who scared. Gary Cooper perfectly transmits new incarnation western hero, the great actor was able to briefly outlined several features to make its hero a surprising humanity.

For its role in the movie "Exactly at noon," Gary Cooper won the Oscar. " His game was both humane and heroic, that once put a picture in a number of classics. "No sooner had a look on his face, as you already read his thoughts," - said his partner in the film Grace Kelly.

Learning about the illness daughter Mary, he immediately returned to Los Angeles. The press reported: actor Gary Cooper, lechivshiysya in Florida from a nervous disorder, interrupted rest, barely knew about the illness of his beloved daughter Mary.

Now the family is back together.

Rocky′s wife, using their high regard in the Vatican, Cooper arranged for a private audience with Pope Pius XII. This is the highest recognition that Gary was not just as an actor, but as a national symbol of America.

9 Apr, 1959 he will move to his mother, Alice Cooper, will not forgive him until his death: ground yielded to his wife and daughter, Gary transferred to Catholicism. The ceremony was held at a church in Los Angeles.

Cooper ever looked tired. He suffered from stomach ulcer and numerous injuries for decades, riding on horseback, jumps and falls, but keep shooting in a few films every year. Despite the shattered health, he still worked with stuntmen himself doing the most complicated stunts.

Wrinkles, fatigue will give the heroes of his 50-ies of the psychological depth and dramatic. For three decades, Cooper remained in the five most cash actors of America. He may have to dictate their terms to firms and directors. While most of their tapes of Gary continues to embody the ideal heroes, their fate is becoming more and more dramatic. Sheriff in the movie Fred Tsinnemana "Exactly at noon" (1952) won, but disappointed in the people. "Veracruz" (1954), "The friendly exhortation" (1956) and "Man of the West" (1958) have contributed to the modernization of western and reassessment of values embodied in it, "Love Afternoon" (1957) Billy Uaydlera actor returns to his comic predilections, and the last film - English thriller "Naked Blade" (1961) - is a tragic resonance.

Photo — «Gary Cooper»

In April 1961, Cooper was the third Oscar - for many memorable roles, and personal contribution to the international recognition of filmmaking. Prize for him to receive his friend and ally of James Stewart. One month later, on May 13, Gary Cooper died of cancer.

He died a long and painful. From Pope Pius XII had encouraging telegram actor telephoned President John F. Kennedy, in his bed neotluchno were the wife and daughter.

The death came about noon. Journalists find it remarkable: one of the most famous Western Cooper called "Exactly at noon. " And the next day the newspaper wrote: "The Life of Gary Cooper stop promptly at noon when the sun is at the highest point of the sky. Is this not worthy of death for the perfect knight of America? "