MAKS LINDER

French film actor. Appeared in films: "Max-toreador", "Champion of Boxing", "three wheeler", "In a small cafe, and many others. In 1963, France established an assembly film "In the company of Max Leander. "

Gabriel Maximilian Level (Max Linder) was born December 16, 1883 in San LOUBET (Gironde department) in a family of rich wine. When Gabriel announced the decision to become an actor, a scandal broke out. Despite protests from parents, he left to study acting at the conservatory Bordoskuyu. Having finished her Level playing in the local theater - in performances of "Romantic" Edmond Rostand, "Andromache", "tricks Scapa," "The Barber of Seville. " Greater success, he had not made (in a few years, the theater went bankrupt, in his film played indoors, the main charges made the tape with the Max-Leander).

In 1904, Level arriving in Paris, where he tries to enter the Conservatory. Having failed, he tries to force in a small theater "Ambigyu.

Visit the famous theater "Variety," Gabriel came to the delight of the game such actors as Albert Brasseur Baron, Eva Lavaler, Marie Monnier. But he especially remembered Dirli and MARCELLIN Max Linder. Captive mastery of these two actors, Level has a nickname - Max Linder.

In 1906, Gabriel managed to go to "Variety," where he does gain a slight role, but - with Dirli!

He got a little bit, so had to give lessons in fencing, bedding go to the cinema. A small increase in (158 cm), dooming him to the role of students, yuntsov. Five-minute comedy "The first exit gimnazista was withdrawn a few hours of director Louis Gane. This happened in July 1905. In the next two years, Gabriel Level was in melodrama ( "Poison", "Death toreador), small comedies.

Success came unexpectedly. In another comedy, he was to play a skater. Insert the first time on skates, Max Linder has done everything possible to keep on my legs . . . During several hours of torment, he received only twenty francs, without insurance and . . . recognition from the public.

When in 1908 the company was left without a chief Pate funster (BITs Andre went to Italy), Max Linder confidently took his place. Soon, it strengthens the title of king of laughter, King of the screen. Neither Sarah Bernhardt or Mune-Syulli not known in France such popularity.

A crucial role in the triumph of Max Leander played sympathy spectatress.

Photo — «Maks Linder»

On the screen it - a typical fashion, the elegance, joie de vivre. Of particular importance to the actor gave his toilet, which did not have anything from circus comic improbable. The newspapers reported that Max Linder worn only in the "Belle Zhardiner" and secular tailors. Cylinder (actor made this hat famous) or a soft hat, morning coat or jacket perfectly fine, fashionable striped trousers, spats, walking stick - it was winning Linder in full measure, as well as the Dazzling, nearly constant smile and a French mustaches .

Max Linder was one of the first, if not the first cinematic actor. "The difference from Leander Dida and others - wrote cinema L. Trauberg - was that in the most difficult situation the actor did not try to portray an idiot, did not allow all kinds of subjects to reach the first plan. It was a great skill - the ability in the most unlikely situations to save the image, to respond with restraint, for example, even - a thin, not grimace. "

At the end of 1910 on the grands boulevards were opened movie "Max Linder", where almost every week were the premiere of his new paintings. When Max is seriously ill, the whole Paris kept its temperature.

For ten years, before the First World War, it produces about five hundred (!) Ten short comedies, and writes the scripts and rezhissiruet predominantly himself. His characters - a student, thief, boxer, flutist, hypnotist, duellist, farmer, teacher of dance, jockey, chef, doctor, spy, and even toreador and aeronaut! Subjects Leander′s films are no different variety (otherwise could not: every week for almost five years, appeared a new band). Everything boils down to the marriage or premarital scrape. Just a small list of titles of his films: "Wedding Night, Max," "The new novel by Max, Max and his opponents," "On Women", "Max is looking for a bride," "Max is losing value marriage "," Max and his mother-in-law, " green-eyed Max, etc.

In the tape "Max - Professor Tango" hero to visit the house to lay awake a little drink in the restaurant. For the guests, hosts and their foster daughter for dance teacher, Max teaches them to dance the tango, with fantastic Pas, which are hard to imitate. In the repertoire of techniques Leander could not enter circus or variety show ekstsentrizm. For example, in one of the films of Max in the wedding night to plague flea.

Photo — «Maks Linder»

He is trying to destroy it with a revolver. In another tape he instructed plucked chicken. Not knowing how to do this, he begins to shave it.

Critics point out that from the film to the film art of Max Leander growing. His body language is becoming increasingly constrained, all the thinner. Since the natural sense of rhythm and action, he distributes the funny places throughout the film, nagnetaya their force to the final, beautifully peremezhaya their breaks, titles, information personnel. The actor knows the force of a major plan and details. Can smile one eye, make the desired object - a purse, a bottle, платочек, flower. Near the humor in his films is satire. Antra clown, acrobatic numbers Max is doing with the unique elegance. And laughter is the fact that puts these tricks in everyday life.

In Germany, in Spain, in Russia Linder embodies the ideal Frenchman. Elegant, witty, non-permanent. He is sent to overseas tours.

In July 1912 Linder was in Berlin, where the time to remove the four films. In September, together with a ballerina Naperkovskoy he toured in Barcelona, where fighting with the bulls. And his duel, perpetuating in the movie "Max-toreador, forcing nicker, dismayed and even faint.

A year later, the actor visited Russia. St. Petersburg audience vypryagaet horse puller and his crew from the station to the hotel. The newspaper "New Era" wrote: "Max Linder - the most popular name in modern European culture. Until now, perhaps, with him trying to fight the name of Tolstoy. But Tolstoy was dead, and Max captured Europe.

July 29, 1914 started the First World War. For Max it was a dramatic day. Hardly recovered from serious illness, he enters the army, goes to the front, then once again fall ill, goes to the military and diplomatic leadership implemented a number of formal requests. In doing so, he finds the time removed, though not too often. Max with his new partner, a charming Gaby Morley, produces comedy ′Max and constrictor hand, " Max and a spy, " Max and sax. In 1916 he was demobilized on unfitness and for a long time treated in the sanatorium "CHATEL Gyuyon.

During the war the French lost kinokomediya leader. The palm turned to the Americans, the Maku Sennetu and his disciples. Little comfort to the Max Leander was the fact that a lot Sennet over the Europeans. It is in Leander, the tape "Max - cook out of love" was throwing cream pies in the face with a partner.

Photo — «Maks Linder»

In another film, wishing to conquer his bride playing the piano, Max muzitsiruet beautifully . . . mechanical tool, which, alas, continues to play and when the virtuoso rasklanivaetsya. Almost all American kinokomiki and even the famous clown Grok used this brilliant find Leander.

In 1916, when Chaplin left the company "Essen", its leaders are not spared a half million, that to lure Leander.

In America, the French actor like the splendid reception. Chaplin gives him his portrait with the inscription: "Max, the only, much, my teacher - from a student. " However, instead of the planned twelve paintings is only three "Max goes to America", "Max wants to divorce" and "Max in the taxi. " Movies Leander were not adopted the American public, as well as repeated in all its pre-war art, alas, out of fashion. French actor seriously ill and returned home. In the quiet spa hotel in Chamonix, he tries to understand the causes of failure.

In France, it continues to value and support. Even a strict critic of Louis Dellyuk, wrote: "Max Linder great man of French cinema. I love it. It was he - and besides he is one - before the other has made simplicity needed cinema . . . If after ten years, will examine his films - all surprised how many of them built. "

Max Linder, along with the young Raymond Bernard, the son of a famous playwright Tristan Bernard, ekraniziruet his play "In a small cafe. The French, who were a pleasure to recall the halcyon pre-war times, is awarded actor enthusiastic applause. However, following a comedy involving Max Leander "holy fire" was not so successful. He is sent to conquer America.

During the years 1921-1922 at your own risk Linder made three feature films. The film "Seven years of misery" it attracts attention, "Be my wife" - received well, too, as the movie "Three wheeler (witty parody of" Three Musketeers ") delights.

"The three wheeler" truly amazing movie, staged and brilliantly played four, patients suffering from severe neurasthenia actor. For the first time it was filmed in historic kostyumnom film. Linder was one of the first film to enter in the tape of the XVII century, daring anachronisms, servants of honest, cheerful comic: telephone, motorcycle, etc. This picture is undoubtedly influenced released later masterpieces Basseterre Kitona Three era "and" Our Hospitality.

Photo — «Maks Linder»

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Linder was able to maintain the national quality Dumas novel, the perfect pace, his unparalleled optimism. Do not dodumyvalsya Sennet to such simple and wonderful discoveries - ring pierced the enemy is preparing a hero, he prisedaet - pierce each other′s enemies. Max fence not less than Fairbanks. Tricks were elegant and ironic. A Linder - very French gallantry. Of course, this was the peak of creative talent, one of the best parodies in the history of world cinema. Critics on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean set the Max Leander on one pedestal with Chaplin.

In France, he returned triumfatorom. The king reigned again on the screen. In 1923, Max Linder produced in collaboration with Hans Abel comedy "Help!". A little later than twenty calls for cooperation of famous writers and playwrights, but their proposed subjects or nekinematografichny or roads.

The failures are starting to haunt Leander. The brilliant comic actor, in the forty-two years of life lost fight, tried to bring him back. They are passionate about eighteen Beauty flamandka Ellen Peters. Her father, the venerable merchant, and did not want to hear about zyate-Comedianta Then Max Linder kidnaps a girl and 2 Aug. , 1923 marries her.

But the happiness of love is replaced by new quarrels, suspicions, jealousy painful. Max takes away a young woman in Vienna and it creates the latest in Viennese gala, rapid comedy "King of the circus. " July 27, 1925 birth to a little mod, the one mod that long would not know their real parents, then do so much to revive the glory of the Father: to search for all the world фильмотекам his old short, released in 1963, the collection "In Company by Max Leander ", including the three best American movie. But the joy of birth dochurki can not dispel the gloom of Max. Living in Switzerland, Linder and his wife Helen are trying to reduce the score to life, taking a strong dose of sleeping pills. The first time they have been saved, but after some time Oct 30, 1935 Linder wife were found in a room on Avenue Kleber with the opening of veins. They also took veronala and fatal doses of morphine. Tell that to the death of Max and his young wife again re-Henrik Senkevich novel "Quo vadis?", Where there is a scene of suicide, the author of the novel "Satirikon Petronio and his slave Evniki . . .

Max Linder was buried in his home in San LOUBET.