Philipe Gårard

French actor. On stage since 1942. Since 1951 - the National Theater. Among roles: Rodrigo ( "Sid"), Ruy-Blazy ( "Ruy Blas,"), Richard III ( "Richard III") and others participated in films: "abode of Parma", "Beauty and the Devil" "Fanfan la Tulip", "Red and Black", "idiot", etc.

Gerard Philip was born on December 4, 1922 in Cannes. His father, Marcel, Philip, a former lawyer, owned a large land in Provence, a small hotel in Grasse. His mother, Mina, Philip, came from a family of Prague baker. Gerard nearly died at birth, he narrowly escaped a doctor. The boy has grown slowly, later began to walk and talk.

Philip went to college at Stanislaus. Read enough. More loved listening to jazz, swimming, playing tennis and volleyball. Soon the school had to be interrupted - Gerard ill dry pleurisy. Recovered, he passed the exam as an external student.

When Philip was made at a charity evening with the reading of poetry old actress′ Comedie Francaise "she said to him after the show:" Your vocation - the theater. " Father Gerard thought otherwise. The son had to go to Nice to learn from a lawyer.

Yet Philip chose the profession of actor. He passes a few tests before receiving the role of Mike in the comedy Andre Russa "Just a simple girl, staged at the Cannes casino Claude Dauphin.

After the successful debut of Philip went in a tour of the province. Nice, Marseille, Lyon ... He is remembered in the productions of "A traveler without luggage" Anuya and "The girl knew ..." Agee.

In summer 1943, Gerard was withdrawn from Allegra in the movie "Malyshko from the embankment of flowers", and in October entered the Conservatory, which falls to the wise teacher George Leroy. But before a final exam Gerard suddenly leaving the Conservatory, tempted by the proposal Lacombe play in "The Country without stars" (1946). Alas, the film had no success.

To get the main role in the play "Caligula", Philip met with its author, a famous writer Albert Camus. After a two-hour conversation he was able to attract the maitre. Director Ebert, previously opposed the candidature of Gerard, was forced to surrender.

Performance was a major event in the theatrical life of the French capital. Critics wondered how he could cope with the daunting novice actor role. Marlene Dietrich, visited the show, was away in ecstasy. She urged Philip to devote himself to cinema: "Romanticism in the theater - the thing of the past, and in the film - the future. With your data, Gerard, on the screen can do wonders. "

Soon Philip managed to get the role in the movie Myshkin The Idiot Dostoevsky. Director Lampenu had with Gerard is not easy: he was stubborn, too much faith in their own sense of image. Actress Edwidge Fejer, perturbed over, in its view, autonomy, Philip, gave hysterics, and after the premiere of "Idiot", when the criticism in one voice declared that the film really succeeded only Prince Myshkin, stopped to greet him. Film critic Sadoul said: "In the difficult roles of Prince Myshkin Gerard Philip proved himself one of the best actors of our time ..."

In April 1946, Philip vacationing in the south of France, the Pyrenees, in the society Nicole Fourcade - wife big Sinologist and diplomat, with whom he had met in Nice three years ago. Returning from a regular walk in the mountains, Gerard found a telegram from the producer of Greece with the proposal to play in a film by Claude Mill Lara "Possessed" by the famous novel Radige. Philip said agreement and in the twenty-four years, played a brilliant 16-year-old. "Obsessed" enjoyed great success with the public, especially young people.

Photo: "Philipe Gårard"

Serge Redzhiani uttered his famous words: "Everything was turning as if Gerard was a justification of our generation. Each of us has its own advantages, it also had them all simultaneously.

After the "Idiot" and "possession" by Philip firmly on the Role of the hero-lover. Tightly folded, with a haughty bearing, surprisingly combines ancient masculinity with feminine fragility and boyish grace, he is interested producers from Hollywood. But Gerard chose to appear in Europe.

In early 1947 he went to Rome, where Christian-Jaque began work on the painting "abode of Parma" by Stendhal′s novels. In the role of Fabrizio del Dongo, an actor famously fought with Giletti, deftly handled the file, a smashing grid cell at the Tower of Parma, and fearlessly descended on a rope (no backup!) With 18-meter-high ...

At the filming of the monastery of Parma Gerard Philip friends with actress Maria Casares. Together with director Vitali they put the play Pishetta "Revelations". The morning after the premiere, many critics wrote about the triumph and beauty of ancient Eros, which was filled with the acting, and one review even stated what happened to the heroes directly to the stage to have sex, it would not shock anyone.

Actress Maria Cazares later wrote: "A true Gerard, I never knew. He passed on the life of the elusive, invisible ... Deeply romantic, in love with the legend, he lived as if in exile - between heaven and earth. He was both weak and unusually strong.

Philip became a landmark for a role in the film "Beauty and the Devil" (1948) Rene Clair. His Chevalier Henry, according to Sadoul, "a truly modern hero who fights for freedom and defend it."

Interests Philip concentrating on the film. He was an active member of the French National Council of the peace movement. Gerard went to Paris colony for juvenile offenders, out of a demonstration against the wars in Indochina and Korea, down the texts of Karl Marx′s records for the "Sound Encyclopedia, met at the Union of Actors ... "What happened in this Gerard, which was not in others? And suddenly the right word appears in my mind: cleanliness - then wrote theater critic and writer Christian Maigret. - Indeed, judging by what is printed every morning, our newspaper, is uncanny, not to say dirty. Gerard Philip had a purity - an innate goodness and the more valuable that she had no place in our era.

At the fifth Avignon theater festival Philip memorable performances in "Cid" of Corneille and the "Prince of Homburg, Kleist.

The tragedy of "Sid" began rehearsing in the spring of 1951. Gerard long felt his character. Finally director Vilar suggested: "In my opinion, we accept the" Sid "too seriously. It is a tragicomedy," espanolada. Try to play easily, naturally, come from the movement of flamenco dancer. " And Gerard instantly find the mood Rodrigo.

After the premiere July 15, 1951 painter Vilar wrote, "Sid" Leon Gishia: "You can just hang, old man. What we won, but you missed it. Gerard played a dazzling ... He created such Rodrigo, that I shudder. He showed himself a real man, so what love, what you and I are trying to be hard.

In "Side" critics and audiences recognized Philip ideal performer. After each presentation (there were only 199) Gerard summoned twelve - fifteen times ...

November 29, 1951 in Neuilly, Philip married Nicole Fourcade. Nicole went to him from her husband, a diplomat with a seven-year old son. Gerard′s mother was against this marriage and the wedding did not come.

Philip gave his wife a new name - Ann, considering it more poetic. He was impressed with Nicole′s and Nietzsche′s often quoted remark that "marriage - it is also a long talk." Love to my wife all of Gérard showed no false modesty - behind the scenes in the theater took her in his arms, kissing her.

Photo: "Philipe Gårard"

Firstborn in the family, Philip had a daughter and a half years was born Olivier.

In August 1951, started shooting the film "Fanfan la Tulip", "a comic western" about the era of Louis XV.

From now on all his subsequent work will be perceived through the legend Fanfan. People of all nationalities applauded "Fanfani-tulips′. Crowds of fans besieged the hotel. This lasted for hours. To his success, Philip Gerard treated amazingly calm.

Directed by Christian-Jaque after the premiere, said: "It is in the role of Fanfan la Tulip Gerard opened for me - cheerful, charming, ebullient prankster, sometimes not even knowing the borders of the forbidden ..."

Philip meanwhile withdrawn as completely opposite Fanfani. In comedy René Clair "Night Beauty" he plays a musician Claude. Premiere of the film took place in November 1952. The audience warmly greeted the new work of the actor.

Gerard spring leaves in the Mexican village of Alvorada, where at the famous Gulf of Yves Allegro removes "proud". Director said in an interview: "I wanted to make documentaries about the Mexican film stars." Along with Philip (George) in the famous picture was shot Michelle Morgan (Nelly).

In the next paper Gerard returned to his central theme of acting in those years - the national self-criticism. The film "Mr. Ripua" Clement was laid novel writer Louis Emona "Mr. Ripua and Nemesis." His character - a young seducer, modern Tartuffe. After shooting Rene Clement said about Philip: "This man, radiating tenderness, is the child′s soul ..."

In July 1953, Philip played in the play "Lorenzachcho" Musset. After Vilar put in hospital, for setting himself took Gerard. The whole show, he brought up the rear at himself in the role of the Medici. Philip was searching for a rhythm - a rapid, flexible, capacious, for this he mounted thirty-eight paintings by Musset, cut, cut down, did intrigue more flexible.

A year later, began rehearsals of "Ruy Blas," Hugo and "Richard III" Shakespeare. Gerard believed Ruy-Blas his best role in the theater. According to the critic Gautier, he "shekspiriziroval his hero." Experience "Shakespearization" Hugo helped the actor to deal with the role, it would seem contraindicated to his talent - Richard III. Philip played a weak man who is not on the shoulder royal purple, but who struggled clings to it.

In 1955-1957 years he almost unchallenged gave cinema, but perhaps none of his roles is not felt so acting school Vilar, as in Julien Sorel. Premiere of "Red and Black" Otan-Lara was held October 29, 1954 in Paris. Now the viewer to identify with the hero of the novel by Philip Stendhal.

"People often ask me whether I feel full integration with the character? - Said Philip. - Frankly speaking, almost never. I think that such a merger of the actor does not under force. Always have control. First have to create an image in mind, then, so to speak, to clothe him in the flesh, but with the necessary self-control. This is not helping any props or scenery. They are assigned to assist the viewer. In my opinion, cast image - it′s like a copy of your inner world, you want to catch.

In 1955, Gérard Philipe again starred with Claire. This army, he played Don Juan, a charming Lieutenant Dragoon Regiment Armand de la Verne in "large-scale maneuvers.

The following year, together with Philip Evans put the "Til Eulenspiegel" and played a major role in it. Modify old restraint, he willingly talked about a new job: "... a bright intellect, sparkling wit and courage, kind-hearted, reckless courage and noble soul - so I imagine Thiel, semi-legendary hero of medieval Flanders.

Photo: "Philipe Gårard"

Till like Fanfan, but I am now much more important than their differences. One very significant is the fact that Till humanly much deeper, it felt more generalized ".

The last years of his life Gerard dabbled in different kinozhanrah - comedy, melodrama. From Allegra, he fell into the hands of Becker, then to Duvivier, Otan-Lara, Vadim, and, finally, to Bunuel. Critics have pointed him in the role of the artist Amedeo Modigliani in the melodrama "Montparnasse 19" (1957) Becker.

Summer of 1958, Gerard returned to the Vilar in NNT. "The excitement actor - from coming in contact with the audience - said Philip. - I compare our profession to profession matador, forced each time to mobilize all its forces, lest they be overwhelmed by a bull. And in our profession to avoid the wrath of the spectators. " In the "Caprice Marianne" Musset he played Ottawa, and in "Love is not mocked" (director - Claire) - Perdikana.

Constant craving for contrasting roles Gerard said in his latest role in the movie "Fever arrives at El Pao" Bunuel. Philip created a complex image of the idealist-intellectual, defending with heavy-duty applications dictatorship its position of non-interference and non-resistance to evil ...

Autumn 1959 Gerard felt especially tired. Anne made him see a doctor. Philip had the surgery. But the disease was incurable - cancer of the liver. This only knew Ann, and by the end she did not betray myself ...

Gérard Philipe died Nov. 25, 1959, at the age of thirty-seven years. Actor was buried Nov. 28, the eve of the tenth anniversary of his wedding, and for seven days before the birthday. On his deathbed, he was dressed as Rodrigo. Once in Avignon, playing the role of Sid, Gerard said Anne: "If you suddenly die, bury me in this tunic and cloak ..."

His favorite was the playwright Moliere, the poet - Paul Eluard. The most outstanding personality of XX century, he believed Lenin. Gerard most striking brevity of life. On the question "Are you afraid of death?" Replied: "Yes, very afraid ...

The news of the death of Gerard Philip shocked and horrified millions of admirers of his divine talent. Marlene Dietrich wrote: "Philip Gerard. Ideal actor, the personification of the romantic hero in the spiritual and the physical plane. For the first time I saw him in "Caligula", when he was just beginning its path, and then, shaken, was waiting at the door of a wardrobe. His death touched me deeply, and not just because I lost someone. Through him, the world lost a romantic scene ideal.

Marlon Brando admitted that for him the most beloved actor was Gerard Philip: "Another such a brilliant romance with a noble heart and soul, in the film did not appear. I deeply appreciate it as an actor and person. He knew how to give good ... "

Game Philip Gerard praised Cocteau, Sartre, Camus, ... Film historian Georges Sadoul, who devoted many pages of creativity, Philip, claimed: "Every person of genius (and Gerard was a genius) - a complex phenomenon, expressing hidden from the eyes of the spiritual aspirations of his era. Talma an explanation of our Revolution and the Empire, Frederick Lemaitre - Romanticism. Philip explained to all our country and our time - war and the fifties. "

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