ROSTSY KWINT

(ca. 130-62 BC)

Roman comedian. Any Rostsiem mask and then strengthened in the Roman Theater. Included a school, he studied recitation Cicero. The author of a book on the theatrical art.

As in Greece, in ancient Rome, the actors had a lot of work on performance technique. Before we got the attention of some of the famous Roman actors I century BC - This is a tragic actor Claudie Aesop and comical - Kwint Rostsy. Aesop was a friend of Cicero, highly tsenivshim his talent. With great success he has acted in the roles of Agamemnon, Ajax, Andromache. Ancient writers celebrate the majestic nature of his game. In year 55, as shown in one letter Cicero, Aesop was already an old man and his talent has dried up. For submissions in the consecration of the theater, built Pompeu or, perhaps, when consecrating a temple of Venus winners, Aesop played so that there is general agreement that it could stop. " When he began to pronounce the oath, the famous place, "If I knowingly deceive" - his voice changed.

Kwint Rostsy, born a slave, freedom, and later with her cognomen Gallus, was born about 130 years BC His early childhood was spent in Solon, in the village near Lanuvii. According to legend, one night nanny came to his bed and were amazed: the body of a sleeping boy twine large snake. At her cry escaped all the homework and the boy was released. Father Rostsiya later asked for an interpretation of this incident to garuspikam who answered that the boy, when grow, beat all the glory and nobility. And indeed - gifted by nature an excellent addition, and plastics, Rostsy became one of the finest mimes and comedians era.

In his time, passion spectacular performances by both actors would be relegated to second place. On the artistic quality of his acting performance in Rome, not standing at a high level, as in Greece. Top experts complained about the roughness acting, which is due primarily to the slave state of the majority of Roman actors. Played an important role as the foreign origin of many actors, slaves, poor owner of the Latin speech.

As a result of educational activities such artists as Aesop and Rostsy, Roman actors had reached a higher skill, and became famous for refined manners and impeccable speech.

Performing technique Roman actor mostly continued the tradition of Hellenistic theater. Despite the realistic trends of individual actors (particularly from Aesop and Rostsiya, which, according to a contemporary, long lost in the crowd, then to play on stage zauchennye movement "), - acting in the game generally has been defined that supported execution of men, women′s roles.

Some approximation to the initial lack of realism was, in all genres, except atellany, masks, replaced (before the I century BC), makeup and wigs. But the absence of the mask was forced: it was because the Roman aristocratic youth, long-play performance atellan monopolized wearing masks as a means to absolve themselves of "ignominy" acting profession. It established the principle that without a mask could play only an actor who receives remuneration for his labor.

However, the absence of masks impair overall conditional style Roman Performance. Hence the long struggle, conducted Rostsiem for the introduction of the mask, which he was allowed only after he took off his "dishonor" the actor′s career, rather than the fee for their work. This theatrical reform can be explained by the fact that, on the one hand, Rostsy wanted to bring the Roman theater in the Greek and the other - with the increased size of the Roman theater - to enhance the visual impression to the public of the common people, sitting on the ground far from the scene. Any Rostsiem mask and then strengthened in the Roman theater, despite the dissatisfaction aristocratic audience, sitting in orhestre and at the forefront of the amphitheater.

Photo — «Rostsy Kwint»

Were there events in Rome when the show? Presumably, such competition was not, otherwise it would have been reflected in any of the historical monuments. But regarding the fact that the authors of the plays were given cash awards and gold wreaths, there was some evidence. These awards depend on the sentence viewers evaluating a play. We also know that actors are often the recipients of public signs of rapid approval or censure for the execution of their roles.

Rostsy, judging by his nickname Comoedus, performed primarily in comedies, and was particularly good in roles that required a live gesture. About Rostsy said he was not allowed on the stage of a single gesture, without having to think about and do not check it before. Rostsy liked to copy the interesting images that he encountered when dealing with people, and then enter them into your game. He was not aloof at times and a portrait of similarity. Thus, he avenged one enemy Fanniyu that, playing in a comedy Plavta role of pimp, gave him the face Fanniya. Rostsy established a theatrical school, which left a lot of talented actors.

One of Cicero was delivered speeches in defense of Rostsiya at a civil case. Guy dick Fanny was a slave Panurga. Observed by the talent in the comic actor, he gave it to the school Rostsiya, conditions with the latter split in half the proceeds of art Panurga when he made the actor. Panurg has made great strides already and was ready to begin its work had been killed Square. Flávia. Fanny and Rostsy sued by Flavio on meeting them for the death of a slave, and the process had Fanny, as cognitor Rostsiya. Meanwhile Rostsy private oneself with Flávia received his reward for Panurga. Now, Fanny had announced the deal violates the terms of his contract with Rostsiem and demanded satisfaction.

In the speech, Cicero for Rostsiya-actor gives flattering description of capabilities and ethos Rostsiya. And it gives a flattering assessment of a person whose profession is not considered to be honorable in the eyes of Roman society. Rostsy, according to Cicero, managed the stage of being said to be a decent artist, but the Roman people Rostsiya poses as a man even more than as an actor. "In the past ten years, he could well earn an honest living a six million sestertsiev. But he did not want to. He was referring to the work, rather than profits. He has not yet ceased to serve the Roman people, but has long ceased to serve yourself. " Cicero said here that Rostsy have long abandoned the royalties for his game.

Contrary to the arguments of the prosecution, if for nothing Rostsy exploited slave (ie Panurga) belonging Fanniyu, Cicero said: "What′s in it belonged Fanniyu? - Body. - What Rostsiyu? - Ability to . . . The body is not able to earn and twelve asov, but for their skills, which he was obliged Rostsiyu, he received no less than one hundred thousand sestertsiev . . . What hope, what interest is the location of public sympathy and accompanied the first debut Panurga! And why? - He was a pupil Rostsiya! "Wishing to emphasize the brighter brilliant teaching ability of their client, the case with Cicero comedian Eros. "When it vyprovodili the scene, not only the whistles, and swearing, he ran into the house of my client - if the altar - to take it to the disciples, under his patronage, to cover his own name and in the shortest possible time, it is a bad actor become the first comic. "

Rostsy wrote a book about the theatrical art, which he compared with the art of eloquence. As an artist he was a favorite of Roman public and enjoyed the location of many famous people.

Rostsy He died about 62 years. His name has become synonymous with artistic excellence and a desire to stage the truth.