Jose Marti, the hero of the Cuban people, both talked about this fighter for the independence of Latin America, freed from Spanish colonial rule, several countries: "On Bolivar need to speak to the mountain top, and that thunder and blinding lightning, talk about it listened to all liberated peoples, and at their feet lay prostrate and decapitated tyranny. "
Back in August 1805 on the Roman hill of Monte Sacro Simon Bolivar vowed to fight for the liberation of South America from the Spaniards, and dedicated to this great cause all my life. The overthrow of Spanish colonial rule took many years of struggle, in which lesions were interspersed with successes and brilliant victories over the forces of colonialism. In the vast expanses of Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, under the blows of the people in revolt crumbled foundations of 300 years of colonial rule of Spain and Portugal. Fifteen years of relentless military labor, 472 battles, conquest, led the army of the highest mountain ranges - here the road of military glory soldier and military leader Simon Bolivar. The main result of this struggle was the winning of independence and the creation in Latin America, several sovereign nation states.
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Photo: "To the glory
of Simon Bolivar" |
No wonder not only in his native Venezuela, but throughout the Spanish-American world called the Liberator Simon Bolivar.The first great victory won by the rebel troops of Simon Bolivar, became a battle near the bridge on the river near Bogota Boyacá August 7, 1819. On this day, soldiers of the rebel army defeated the armies of General Murillo. Battle of Boyaca and the capture of three days the city of Bogotá marked a major turning point in the long war of the peoples of Latin America. Of course, after the success in Boyaca war was not won once and the fight continued for nearly six years. But it is in this glorious battle elite troops of the colonialists suffered a major defeat for the first time: all Spanish troops were captured along with the commander, weapons, horses and food supplies.
Once a month in Bogota celebrate this brilliant victory, in the city erected a triumphal arch in the Roman style, and balconies and windowsills of buildings adorned with banners and carpets. Solemn march passed through the main streets, strewn with flowers, the army of Simon Bolivar. Six magnificent statues representing the virtues of the republic, stood on the central square, where Simon Bolivar and other republican generals took the parade.
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Photo: "To the glory
of Simon Bolivar" |
Twenty girls, dressed all in white, sang a hymn in honor of heroes, and one of them handed over to Simon Bolivar a laurel wreath. Simon Bolivar himself subsequently set up several awards, but until today have only one survived - the Colombian Order of Boyacá, created in memory of this glorious victory. Sign it represents a blue cross, having seven degrees.After the liberation of Peru, Simon Bolivar went to the southern regions of the country - in the ancient Inca city of Cusco and Arequipa. Along the way he and the accompanying entourage were greeted with royal honors: the local authorities gave the Liberator gold and diamond jewelry, swords and expensive coats, hats and saddles, laurel wreaths of silver and platinum ... Especially happy winners met in Cusco. Here, the Liberator has donated a crown, the golden keys and many other valuables. Simon Bolivar gladly accept these gifts, then to give them to his friends and soldiers, particularly distinguished themselves in the war for independence.
Orders in honor of Simon Bolivar was established a few. Most likely, the first time, in 1825, this medal was established by the Congress of Peru, in Bolivia the Order of Simon Bolivar took in 1936, but soon it was abolished.
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Photo: "To the glory
of Simon Bolivar" |
In 1860 in Paris under the title "Bolivian Order" was bought Medal of Honor, which is stored now in the Hermitage. It is decorated with glazed blue star red color with a portrait of Simon Bolivar. On his smooth back side is carved the inscription. "Simon Bolivar en coronel Bouffet de Montauban". Only in Venezuela insignia survived as the Order of the Liberator. Established in 1954, the insignia subsequently underwent several changes, and now it is a gold oval locket, which are the golden rays of different lengths. In the center of the front side of the medallion depicts bust profile portrait of Simon Bolivar, and on a blue enamel rim around the inscription: "Simon Bolivar". On the reverse side of the medallion depicts the emblem of the Republic of Venezuela. Insignia to be worn on a ribbon attached to a gold ring.. 
American actress. Filmed in the movies: "Early fame" (Oscar), "Little Women," "The Philadelphia Story", "Woman of the Year", "Guess who comes to dinner?" (Bonus " Oscar ")," Lion in Winter "(Oscar)," On Golden pond "(Oscar) and other theatrical roles: Antiopa (voitelnitsy husband), Tracy Lord (" The Philadelphia Story "), etc.
Italian film actress. Filmed in the movies: "Gold of Naples", "Chochara" (Oscar), "Boccaccio 70", "Затворники Altony," "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow", "Marriage in Italian" ;, "Sunflowers," "Pret-a-porter", etc.
French actor. Appeared in films: "Razin," "Big Walk", "Little bather," gendarme of the Saint-Tropez "," Fantomas "," man-band ", etc.
Actor of Belgian origin. Real name - Van Varenberg. He made his debut in the film "Street of the barbarians" (1983). Starred in the films "Bloodsport" (1988), "Black Eagle" (1988), "Cyborg" (1989), "Lionheart" (1990), "Double Impact" (1991), "Universal Soldiers "(1992)," Nowhere to Run "(1993)," Hard Target "(1993)," Timecop "(1994)," Street Fighter "(1994) and others in the films" Lionheart " and "Double Impact" was co-author of the script. 
French actress. Filmed in the movies: "And God created woman", "Babetta goes to war," "Rest Soldier", "Truth," "Parisian," Despite, " Shalako, " Boulevard of Roma " and others
Italian actor. Appeared in the movies: "White Nights", "Sweet Life", "8 1 / 2", "Divorce in Italian", "City of Women," "Ginger and Fred," "Interview" "black eyes", etc. He was awarded the Prize for Creativity, Felix (1988).
French actor and film. Roles in Theater: Michelle ( "terrible parent"), Nero ( "Britannica"), Lear (King Lear), and others appeared in films: "Eternal return", "Beauty and the Beast," " , Orpheus "," Captain Frakass, " The Count of Monte Cristo, " Iron Mask "," hunchback "," Fantomas ", etc.
German actress. Filmed in the movies: the trilogy "Sissi", "Christine," "Boccaccio 70", "Process", "Ludwig", "Train", "The main thing - love," "old gun" "Cesar and Rosalie," "Woman in the Window," "Simple Story", "Live coverage of the death, etc.
Swedish writer. Author of novels for children, "Pippi Longstocking - Long Stocking" (1945-1952), "The Kid and Carlson, who lives on the Roof" (1955-1968), "Rasmus-bum" (1956), "The Brothers Lionheart" (1979), "Ronia, the Robber′s Daughter" (1981), etc. 
American actor. Appeared in films: "From now and for ever", "tattooed rose," "Sweet smell of success", "Elmer Gentri, the Nuremberg process," "Amateur birds from Alkatrasa", "Leopard," " ; Train "," Professionals "," Family Portrait in the interior, " Twentieth Century "," Atlantic City "," skin ", etc.
English actor. Acted in films: "The Lion in Winter," "Hamlet," "Elephant Man", "Charing Cross Road, 84", "Silence of the Lambs," "Kingdom of Shadows," "Nixon", " , Amistad, " Remains of the Day, " Hannibal ", etc. 
American actor. Acted in films: A Streetcar Named Desire, " Viva Zapata! "," Savage, " In Port "(Oscar)," Pursuit, " Candy, " Queimado, " The Godfather "(Oscar)," Last Tango in Paris "," Superman, " Apocalypse Now "," Don Juan de Marco ", etc. 
American actress. Filmed in the movies: "Cat on a hot roof, Baterfild, 8" (Oscar), "Cleopatra", "Who is Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" (Oscar), " The Taming of the Shrew ", etc.
In July 1859 the Swiss physician A. Dunant was present at the battlefield in the village of Solferino in Lombardy. He was a kind and sentimental, and therefore suffering injuries caused in him a burning desire to help the suffering. But as A. Dunant was still a practical man, he decided to found a world organization to provide medical care to the wounded and the victims of earthquakes, floods and other natural disasters.
American actor. Appeared in films: "Graduate," "Midnight Cowboy," "Little big man", "straw dogs", "Lenny", "marathon runner", "Kramer v. Kramer" (Oscar ), "Tutsi", "Rain Man" (Oscar), "American Buffalo," "Sphere," "red herring", etc.