DONATIEN ALPHONSE FRANCOIS DE SADE

French writer, philosopher and political activist. Party to the French Revolution of 1789. About thirty years spent in prison. The last ten years of his life at Charenton, a hospital for the mentally ill. Author of the novels "120 Days of Sodom" (1785), "Justine, or the unhappy fate of Virtue" (1791), "The History of Juliette, or deeds of vice" (1797), a collection of short stories, "Crimes of love, or Brad passions" (1800), a collection of essay, "Philosophy in the boudoir" (1795), plays and other works.

De Sade was born on June 2, 1740 at the Hotel de Conde in Paris. His father was descended from an ancient noble family of Provence. Through the mother, nee de Maya de Carman, was a relative of the younger branch of the royal house of Bourbon.

Up to four years in the future writer was brought up in Paris, along with minor prince Louis-Joseph de Bourbon, was then sent to a lock Soman and given to the education of his uncle, Abbe d? Ebrey. Abbe was an enlightened man, was in correspondence with Voltaire, was "Biography of Francesco Petrarca. " He was also known and debauchery: in 1762, was jailed for corruption. In 1766, Donas a very lively expressions described dissolute life of his uncle: ". . . despite his rank, he keeps at his two girls, his house looks like it is in the seraglio, or at a brothel. "

From 1750 to 1754 he studied in college Donas Louis le Grand in Paris. After which he entered by a noble charter school in the light cavalry regiment of the Royal Guard of Versailles garrison. In late 1755 he received the rank of subleytenanta without salary in the Royal Infantry Regiment, and soon got into karabinersky Regiment of the Comte de Provence as a cornet (officer-bearer). Lieutenant de Sade took part in the Seven Years' War.

In 1759 de Sade did a captain in the cavalry regiment de Bourgogne. Probably, it was then during trips to Paris and showed his lecherous tendencies.

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

As one of his comrades, "his little heart, or rather, the body was extremely passionate. "

After the end of the Seven Years War in 1763, Marquis retired as a captain of cavalry. He settled in La Costa, one of the family castles. There, he was passionately in love with Laura Victoria Adeline De Lory and chased her with his attentions. And this is just two weeks before his marriage, arranged through the efforts of his father, a girl, Rene-Pelagie de Montreuil, the daughter of the honorary president of the Supreme Court and the tax-paying, Marie-Madeleine de Pleated.

May 15 marriage contract was signed. Old family de Gardens was connected to the family of de Montreuil, recently received a noble title, but nevertheless already has a solid state and the support of the court.

October 18, 1763 20-year-old prostitute Jeanne Testart agreed to meet with young love an elegant gentleman in his house. There, he led her into a small room with no windows. The walls were draped with heavy black curtains. About one out of the walls stood several lashes. A little later, a gentleman told Joan she otstegaet to any of these lashes, but then she chooses the one which he otstegaet it. Jean refused. Then, de Sade, threatening her with death, forced her to break one of the crucifixes hanging on the walls of the room, along with pornographic pictures.

Two weeks later, the Marquis was imprisoned. He was placed in the tower of Vincennes castle. According to my father, "for these heinous activities has been specially filmed a small house and bought furniture on credit, and there he indulged in such a godless debauchery that the very girls who participated in it, considered it their duty to inform on him. "

The whole family was in shock when de Sade was arrested for the first time. Unfortunately the future victims of the Marquis de Sade, the parents of his wife were very influential at the court.

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

After 15 days in jail, de Sade said about his deep remorse and was released. Paris police warned the owners of brothels, that de Sade is a danger to prostitutes, and he was forced to begin to select for their orgies amateur.

After the release of de Sade, it seemed settled down and became, like everything else, just start a mistress. His mistresses were, for example, Mademoiselle Colette, a famous actress of Italian comedy, Mademoiselle Beauvoisis. In May 1765 he went with her to Provence, which gave her something for his wife, then a relative. Renee-Pelagie knew nothing about the love affairs of her husband. On these, however, was perfectly aware of her mother. But even she did not know about that de Sade near Paris was a country house, where he regularly arrange bisexual orgy.

In 1766, Police Inspector Marais said in a report that cast Donas Beauvoisis for Mademoiselle Dorvil, polite adult girls, who escaped recently from gay establishments Madame Yuget. Soon after he entered a new report Marais: "Two weeks ago, de Sade thrown maiden Le Roy of the Opera" and is not going to restore relations with her. "

In January 1767 his father dies de Sade, and on April 27 in Paris was born Louis-Marie, the first son of the Marquis. That same spring, a scandal erupted. "The hatred towards him, and comprehends all the public, surpasses all description," - noted an awning.

On Easter Sunday, April 3, 1768 Rosa Keller, thirty-six years old, stopped the Marquis Square Victoire and asked for alms. Garden asked if she would like to earn extra money, and she agreed to become his maid. Later, Marquis said that warned her about the "small amount of additional responsibilities," and she agreed.

Upon arrival at Arkay brought her into the room, forced to undress, tied to the bed face down, repeatedly whipped mercilessly whip and stick, smeared the wounds of some ointment (other sources - hot wax).

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

Her cries seemed only gave him extra strength. Finally, de Sade gave a wild cry, fell to the floor and stopped beating. She begged her tormentor to kill her is not because they do not have time to confess at Easter. To this the Marquis said: "You can confess to me!" - And even tried to force her to do, threatening to kill and promising to bury in the garden. Keller refused, she managed to escape. Its sheltered Madame Juliette, from which it became known what had happened. English court would not have taken into account hearsay, though, given the subsequent life of de Sade, it is possible to believe in their truthfulness.

Caused by the authorities surgeon general confirmed the essence of the story the victim. Sade said that Keller herself wanted it and used it does not whip, and whip with knots.

Family Marquis pay off Keller huge amount of 2400 livres, but the case was not closed. Much later, Sade put into the mouth of one of his characters words: "Think like a Parisian judges in the famous case in 1769 whipped ass street girls caused more regret than the crowd were left to die of starvation. They heads to condemn the young officer, who sacrificed the best years of his life for the prosperity of their king, came back and won - the humiliation from the hands of enemies of the country, defended. " No matter how he complained to the mouth of fictional characters, de Sade himself was "the liberation letter" from the Louis XV and was acquitted.

His obliged to live quietly and peacefully at his chateau in southern France. He moved there with his family and invited him to an even younger sister, and wife Anne-Prosper, which soon became almost his real wife, not naming because only officially. That winter in the old castle de Sade was created situation, in every way favorable for obtaining sexual pleasure. Staged the whole erotic performances, very elegant, which was attended not only Ann Prosper, but also the Rene-Pelagie, the wife of de Sade.

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

In 1769, Rene Marquis and second son was born - Donas-Claude-Armand, a year later - the daughter Madeleine, Laura.

In 1772, de Sade, arrived in Marseille, where he wanted to get debt, has instructed his valet Lyaturu find and bring back to the castle, several young women to have long planned their orgies. Four port prostitutes aged 18 to 23 years, brought Lyaturom the castle, de Sade had been forced to participate in elaborate rituals. He beat them and demanded that they beat him, which meant a huge bloody whip with a whip let into nails. The girl refused, believing the whip too dangerous, and would prefer to use the willow broom, which they attacked him, if you can believe it, eight strokes, tagged them scored on the mantelpiece. His servant, too, smacked him. Between the beatings they were offered different combinations of sex with de Sade and Lyaturom or so, and others simultaneously. All women during the orgy was repeatedly offered a handful of whole aniseed sweets.

The same evening, de Sade gave the same orgy with another prostitute. A few hours later she and another woman from the participants first orgy was bad: they started vomiting, which can not be stopped.

September 3 de Sade and Lyatur were sentenced to public penance, which they must bring in the porch of the cathedral of Marseilles, then they should have been spent on the area of ??St. Louis "to Mr de Sade was beheaded on the scaffold, and the said Latour hanged on the gallows . . . " 11 September Parliament approved Aix sentence imposed by the Parliament of Marseilles. The next day, the Marquis and his servant, and Ann Prosper escaped.

Later, de Sade was arrested in Sardinia and imprisoned, but managed to escape from there. The next few years he spent on the position of the fugitive, hiding from the prosecution authorities.

About Marseille adventure there is the following testimony: "News from Marseille are the following: the Marquis de Sade, which caused such a storm in 1768 with the horrible antics of a girl who had just made a spectacle in the city with terrifying consequences.

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

He gave a ball and invited many guests. Guests are served gourmet chocolate desserts, and many tasted them, and they were stuffed with Spanish fly. The action of this drug are well known: all who tasted it, burned the wicked desire and indulge in all conceivable luxuries, to which alone can bring the raging lust. The ball turned into an orgy, which is not happened since the days of Rome. Even the most modest woman could do nothing to cover them itch. This fun Marquis gave to the delight of himself and sister-in-law, from which he fled, hiding from the deserved punishment. Several people have died from the excesses, which indulged in, while others are still has not been recovered. "

In an article published in the Revue de Paris in 1837, describes another case, allegedly occurred at the time:

". . . In June, he went to Marseilles, accompanied by a faithful servant, whom de Sade had prepared for complicity in the unspeakable whoredoms. He took with him a supply of chocolates filled with Spanish fly, a dangerous stimulant that causes severe disorder of the nervous system. Accomplices went to brothel, where floated the wine and candies with drug-filling. The action of sweets is not reduced only to the laughter, dancing and debauchery vile hysterical attacks. One of the unfortunate girls who have a drug made of antique Bacchante, jumped out the window and was fatally injured, the other indulge in half-naked as the most vile prodigal acts in front of a crowd that had gathered in front of the house and answered her cries and unbridled songs.

The Marquis de Sade and his servant disappeared. Authorities and doctors investigate the circumstances of the crime committed. Two girls have died, or unable to endure a mad lust, whether the wounds which they inflicted casualties themselves during the general landfill.

Conflicting reports exist on all escapade de Sade, but it may very well be that one episode replicated on several occasions.

In May 1774 Sade was a full pardon for all their old faults in connection with the ascension to the throne of the new king of France. Young and handsome Marquis de Sade, deputy governor of the four royal provinces, without losing time, he managed to fulfill his dream: to engage in sexual education of young girls in his castle. Ann Prosper had already left him at the time, but his wife, Renee-Pelagie still remained faithful companion and helper in all his endeavors. With its help, he found a pilot pimp, who found him to five 15-year old girls and one boy, ostensibly for the servants in the castle. Again began the orgy, which at this time, probably led Rene-Pelagie. As a result of all this was played out another tragedy: the two girls managed to escape from the castle, and one of them if this needed urgent medical attention. Parents of three girls filed on de Sade in court. I pimp from de Sade had a baby. Sade's mother-in-law helped him to quickly hide pimp in jail that she was talking less. Her baby died soon after him because no one watched. De Sade, in no way discouraged by all these circumstances, the monk had bribed the local monastery, which was to deliver his new victims for orgies, while assuring the worried parents that discipline in the castle of the Marquis is not less strict than in the monastery.

At the beginning of 1777 from Paris came the news that his mother de Sade dies. Despite the fact that he had always treated her quite indifferently, Sade went immediately to Paris. Friends warned the Marquis that the mother-in-law will try to arrange that he was arrested. Indeed, when five Marseilles prostitute accused him that he tried to rape them first in a perverted form, and then poisoned, mother-in-law the Marquis de Sade managed to make a special royal decree for his son-in which he remained neopredlennoe time in detention without trial . So de Sade in 1777 was imprisoned in Vincennes Castle.

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

In late February, he wrote: "Despair seizes me. Sometimes I do not recognize myself. My blood is too hot, so that I could endure this horrific torture. " Mother-in-law declared: "Everything is as it should in all fairness. "

In prison, it woke up a writer. De Sade has created a huge number of bars of literary works, most of which were erotic.

Renee-Pelagie stayed true to him throughout his twelve years in prison, but divorced him immediately as soon as he was free. True, she organized the first of his escape, but the decision olive parliament remained in force, so when the Marquis of five years from Paris appeared, it again was taken into custody. Another escape, and another arrest. At this time, the conclusion has lasted more than ten years . . . "Yes, I am a libertine - he wrote it - and admit it, I understood everything that can be learned in this area, but I certainly did not do all that is comprehended, and, of course, do not ever. I libertine, but I'm not a criminal and not a murderer. "

Renee-Pelagie sought a meeting with her husband, supplied him with books, organized a wonderful meal. The preacher of free love nonetheless tormented by jealousy. And then, to appease him, she retired to a monastery.

In prison, the Marquis read a lot, there is software written essay "120 Days of Sodom," which set out the main tenets of sadism.

He was released from prison the French Revolution. He was now a citizen of the Garden, pamphleteer, orator, and a living legend, because while in prison, managed to predict in one of his works of the historic storming of the Bastille. During the Great Terror de Sade was a revolutionary judge. Marquis has not been able to demand the death penalty for his wife's mother when he was assigned to her case. He was declared a "moderate" and miraculously managed to avoid the guillotine: it is simply not found in the crowded jail .

Photo — «Donatien Alphonse Francois
de Sade»

. .

In 1801, Napoleon censor against him was filed the lawsuit. The pretext for this was the publication of the next erotic novel de Sade, though the real reason for this trial was the publication of a pamphlet in which he ridiculed the evil of Napoleon and his wife Josephine. De Sade was declared insane and dangerous to society and placed in a psychiatric hospital at Charenton, where he spent the rest of his days. Director of nursing allow de Sad to put their drama at the local theater. De Sade himself often took part in performances and played the role of villains.

In the early years of his prison de Sade led amorous correspondence with Marie-Dorothee de Russa, his former housekeeper. But in 1784 she died.

After his release, he lived for several months with a 40-year-old widow, and then he began a warm relationship with a young actress Constance Marie Renel, which he wrote: "This woman - an angel sent down to me by God. " He lived with her for some time in the hayloft, where caring for her young child, earning a living to have served as a stagehand at a local theater. She went with him to a psychiatric hospital at Charenton, and do not seem very much objected to, when this rastolstevshy, rheumatoid, half-blind old man found a young mistress, a washerwoman. In the psychiatric ward Sade, with the permission of the Director, who had come with him gave Renel for his illegitimate daughter. On the last mistress of de Sade, Madeleine, is known only that she was 15 years old when she came closer to the 72-year old Marquis.