VEGA CARPIO, LOPE FELIX DE

Spanish poet and dramatist, one of the founders of modern Spanish drama. A major representative of the Renaissance. His epic works belong to Peru, pastorals, odes, sonnets, novels, and, presumably, more than 2000 pieces, of which up to now remained 426, with most of tragicomedy. His "Fuente Ovejuna" (1618) named the first national drama. Among the most well-known works include: the historical drama "The Grand Duke of Moscow" (1606), drama "Salameysky mayor" (before 1610), a comedy about love "Dancing Master" (1594), "Dog in the manger" ( 1615). In 1588 and 1613 respectively he was awarded once more sacred orders.

The poet wrote a great number of dramas, novels, epic and lyric poems, and loved many women. Both became almost legendary. So, speaking of his career, he once admitted that he wrote more than a hundred comedies, spending on each of them for 24 hours. His biographer, Montalban, however, insisted that their number by the end of life was - 1800. And this is just one of drama and comedy, yet at the Lope de Vega, there are many other works of epic and lyric character. Until such a degree of fertility has not risen yet none of the writers, and no wonder that contemporaries regarded the poet as a god endowed with almost supernatural gift.

The same can be said about his amorous adventures. It was a real Don Juan. Lope de Vega could not imagine life without love, claimed his Spanish biographer Barrera. She served as a life-giving sun for its remarkably prolific imagination.

Of course, this is not about the sublime love, which is described in his immortal works of Dante and Petrarch. It was love passionate man, gifted with a fiery temper, love, always to demand satisfaction. His close relationship with women, as well as literary career began very early. When the poet was thirteen years old, he wrote a poem, and when he was seventeen, he had already won a victory of love.

After studying at the University of Alcala de Henares, he joined the Secretary to the Duke of Alba, which is written at the request of pastoral romance "Arcadia", which appeared in print only in 1598.

His first serious attachment was a married woman named Dorothea. She gave herself wholeheartedly impulsive young man who was able to externalize their feelings in such a resounding verses but frivolous poet soon have a new object of passion - the widow Marfissa.

Photo — «Vega Carpio, Lope
felix De»

The fruit of their all-consuming love of the son was quite puzzled by Lope de Vega: the thought of posterity, when he enjoyed the caresses Marfissy not occurred to him. Sin could atone for marriage, but Lope de Vega instead chose to embark on new love adventures.

In 1584 he was still married, but not on Marfisse and Isabella de Urbina, daughter of Heraldry under Philip II and Philip III, person, enjoyed great respect in high places and also has considerable dowry. Needless to say, that marriage did not save him from the thirst for new entertainment and pleasure? He continued his adventures, and even "educated" a copy of one beautiful woman named Filida. My wife was in despair, and often arranged his jealousy, which caused much grief to the poet, but the goal they never reached. Vega took care of their beauty, still denies this relationship. Thus, in a ballad, he turned to his wife: "Let the heavens will condemn me to eternal sigh, if I do not love you and do not abhor Filide. Yet another song dedicated to "beloved Filide", and a few poems show the poet′s ardent love for this girl.

Lope de Vega sought brilliant success in the literature. Since 1985, the capital of the scenes were almost exclusively drama de Vega, who had been remarkably successful. Cervantes called him "a miracle of nature", "great writer", to rise immediately to the "ruler of the theater. " The poet became a national idol. Admiration turned into adoration. Cost Lope de Vega to appear on the street as he was immediately surrounded by a crowd of women went out on the balconies. Scientists and writers, Spanish and foreign, especially traveled to Madrid, just to see the "Phoenix of Spain. "

In 1591 the wife died Lope de Vega. But after a while the poet once again plunged into a bliss of sensual pleasures. First of all, he turned his gaze to Filide, a link to where now there was no need to hide. But, alas, she rejected his advances. The poet has come to despair as expressed in many poems, and soon enlisted in the army, the more so at this time, Philip II sent his "great armada" to the shores of England to a crushing blow to the power of Elizabeth and the rest in her country, Catholicism .

Photo — «Vega Carpio, Lope
felix De»

Lope admitted to one of his poems, that indifference made him throw the beauties his musket on his shoulder, went to Lisbon, to sit at one of the ships of the Armada, "and went on to the shores of England to score, as he puts it, the charge of his musket poem written in honor of beauty.

Journey did not bring him relief. "Armada" was killed during a storm, and the Lope de Vega was saved by a miracle. But the poet has not changed him and, while continuing to care for women, carried away one of them so much that he married her. It was Juan de Guardia, lady of good family, later eulogized in the poems. The poet celebrated for 35 years and after so many storms in life, he began to think of quiet domestic happiness, which, apparently, and enjoyed for several years, as described in his moving words.

However, the new blows of fate awaited him. He died of Juana′s son, and soon died in childbirth and his wife, leaving the baby girl Felitsianu. Great was the sorrow Vega, and he joined the "holy" Inquisition. In January 1614 became a priest, and in March, has already "blessed" his ordained in Toledo, settled there in the actress Jerome de Burgos . . . In May of that year he served in Madrid, the first mass, and a few months left Madrid, to get rid of the gossip of one woman′s shameful.

In July 1616 de Vega traveled to Valencia, probably, to the actress Jerome, and when a few months back in Madrid, he was appointed fiscal prokiradorom Apostolic Chamber in the Archdiocese of Toledo. It would seem, is now on the amorous adventures ought to forget, especially since age has been wrong, but Lope, confident that its "sunset sad still flashes a smile farewell love", followed closely between the two mass for the tender the fair sex, blowing in the course of the full force of his talent and charm of glory, to capture some of them in their nets. By this time, is his love affair with Marta de Navares Santoho, which appeared, figuratively speaking, the swan song in an endless series of erotic adventures of the famous poet.

He became acquainted with her in 1616. It was a very beautiful woman with a white face, curly hair, long eyelashes and eyes in shades of turquoise, cheerful, graceful, intelligent, understood poetry.

Photo — «Vega Carpio, Lope
felix De»

Vega fell in love at first sight, despite his fifty years, and provoked a sense of Martha, largely due, not least, a halo of unspeakable glory.

Martha was married to a rude, greedy, rich peasant Ayale. Lope de Vega, in contrast to Ayale, was elegant, affectionate, and most importantly, was able to grasp the soul of the beloved woman. In short, between the poet and Martha got into a traditional romance with a deceived husband. When Ayale left, Lope de Vega was to his beloved, and upon his return to his rightful place inferior wife, tormented, of course, jealousy and resentment.

Martha from Lope de Vega was born a girl, which, however, her husband immediately recognized his own. This continued up until the mystery of love was not disclosed. Came the terrible scandal. Lope de Vega was already preparing to flee. March was beaten and began to demand a divorce, which further infuriated husband. He accused the poet in the thefts, the court condemned the behavior of de Vega, in the theater booed his new play. But this time lost her husband of Martha, who learned that the divorce proceedings were decided in favor of his wife.

Alas, the passion has faded in the soul of 56-year-old playwright, and he could love his Martha only platonic.

Misfortune continued to pursue Lope de Vega. Daughter Marcella, ashamed of his father′s dissolute life, retired to a monastery, a son, went on an expedition to dive for pearls, died in a shipwreck, and another daughter, Antonina, secretly fled from the court. And tragically ended the life of Martha: after a long illness, she is blind and after some time has gone crazy. Lope de Vega sang it under the name Amarilla and dedicated to her several dramatic works.

Four days before his death, the great Spaniard finished the poem, "The Golden Lion, wonderful in strength, harmony and beauty of verse. Funeral Lope de Vega had been magnificent. 150 Spanish poet wrote a poem in his honor, made up the entire volume. The second volume appeared in Venice, its authors are well-known Italian poets.