COLD WAR. EXPOSING ADOLF TOLKACHEVA

In June 1985, the Soviet press under the heading "In the USSR State Security Committee," it was reported that the 13 June 1985 in Moscow, spied for the shares with the goods detained by the Second Secretary, Embassy of United States Paul Stombauh that for wrongful acts declared persona non grata and expelled from the Soviet Union. Later, it was reported that the KGB agent exposed and arrested by U. S. Intelligence AG Tolkachev, an employee of one of the Moscow Research Institute of . . .

. . . He opened the stands at the feet of the bag, get out a stack of money in the banking package and gloatingly thinking: "Let no one do not reach!" - Threw money into the fire. Fed a second stack, the third . . . Threw them in the oven. Silently watched as reluctantly burn money, his money, and one thought the drill: "Let no one reach. " Was the garden. His wife lifted her head, looked upward,

- Was not dust. Help before, and may already be in town. People today celebrating Victory Day, the night before and we′ll dig in the mud.

- Hunting for you.

- What does it mean to hunt? In the market for potatoes is 80 cents, and even on the ruble. And collect a bag of four, to the future last spring.

- Enough, enough - poddaknul it, and he thought: "And I live until next spring?" From somewhere in the memory surfaced words: "Not for me, come spring . . . "Oh, how pevali once on the Victory Day with the elderly, with friends. Where are they all? Where am I? What is wrong with me? And maybe will cost? "- Jumped myslishka salvation.

. . . In one of the Office of the KGB was a meeting.

"Analysis of open-American publications, as well as some private publications - Rapporteur said, - indicate that in the United States became aware of the directions of research and development activities in the field of radio-electronic equipment of the modern Soviet fighter planes. Some tactical and technical characteristics of their electronic equipment and weapons.

This shows that the authors are well aware of the ongoing work in the Soviet Union closed on this topic. In addition, the report of one of the largest military in the Pentagon aviation assess prospects for the development of radio-electronic systems for military aviation and the Soviet Union proposed the modernization program of the relevant United States fighters. A considerable amount of information Americans can receive through the control of electromagnetic radiation, space exploration, the interception of official talks on radio links. However, some tactical and technical characteristics of the latest versions of a fighter-interceptor, and especially their development could not be obtained by technical means of intelligence. Consequently, with high probability it can be concluded that leakage of such information could occur only through a person . . . "

Before kontrrazvedchikami was no easy task. In the creation of complex weapons systems involving hundreds of related businesses and thousands of people. How do I find someone who is on the path of betrayal?

Some famous Americans who refer to devices, not only entered service, but shall not be issued until the mass-produced plants. This led chekistov at several major research and production association, which was developed by the latest electronic equipment to equip combat aircraft, identify trends and ideas of the development of electronic weapons tests and the development of modern technology, as well as for some manufacturers.

Photo — «Cold War. Exposing
adolf Tolkacheva»

Particular attention was focused on one of the Moscow Research Institute, which has become notorious that the last two comprehensive inspection regime revealed significant weaknesses in the security of documents and information constituting state secrets. But here, hundreds of professionals. Can I bring everyone under suspicion?

We started to find out who received the documents containing the "old" information. Terms of shrinking. But that′s dozens of people. And we′ll find one . . .

How happened that mentally normal, being of sound mind and strong memory of man began to burn money? Subsequently, as has already been arrested, Tolkachyov at the first interview provided detailed testimony. Here′s what he told: "The thought of the possibility of communication with the staff of the American exploration and transfer of appropriate remuneration for the classified information, which I had based on his work at the Research Institute of Radio, I have a few years ago. I thought and the method of initial contact with any employee of the American Embassy, which I thought I would link to the CIA. "

Next Tolkachyov described how he had twice attempted to contact the American embassy zakidyvaya note in the car, but to no avail. "I have decided that Americans should be such as interest, which in the next letter, revealed the nature of the information that they intend to convey. I wrote that work in SRI, which is developing a radar station for the aircraft-interceptor, and pointed out some of the parameters of the radar. "

A few days later phoned Tolkacheva unknown man and a good Russian language suggested:

- After 10-15 minutes, please exit the house and collect materials that are in the old gloves, hide behind the phone booth, the machine shop at the "boots" in Trekhgorny Lane.

"I immediately rushed to the booth and found gloves. There are 20 sheets of digital groups (codes), encryption tables, the two envelope recipient addresses, and written in English letters, two sheets taynopisnoy carbon paper, instruction in the form of a small book with small print in Russian (for the taynopisnyh messages on zashifrovke text; for sending messages to razvedtsentr; the destruction of the material), a small piece of paper with questions (on the institute, the parameters of the radar), the money in the amount of 500 rubles . . . "

Thus began Tolkacheva cooperation with American intelligence. Working with him were members of the CIA, is in Moscow under the guise of the U. S. embassy and specially come to Moscow.

Later Tolkacheva provided special equipment for immediate "vystrelivaniya" broadcast espionage messages. They were introduced in the unit open without zashifrovki information in Russian. In the device, it will automatically encrypt and then transferred to air for a fraction of a second. Accepted indications intelligence apparatus were also encrypted, then decrypt and read the device Tolkacheva with placards in Russian. (To implement such a communication session at the U. S. Embassy was transmitting and receiving equipment. ) But the nerves have enough Tolkacheva briefly. Fearing carry with them a clear evidence, it will soon destroy the device.

Other spying equipment, according to him less dangerous, he continued to keep until the end, including a camera "Pentaks, several mini-cameras, a radio Panasonic special design, illuminometer magnetic container.

Photo — «Cold War. Exposing
adolf Tolkacheva»

A number of devices manufactured Tolkachyov himself. These include the installation of reproduction, the ring and spoke to automatically set the distance when photographing documents, specifically razgraflenny sheet of paper as a device for reproduction of shooting.

From radio Tolkachyov declined from caches, too - he nasmotrelsya movies where spies caught in the "processing" caches. Remained private meetings with residents, the more that they Tolkachyov not only to convey information and to receive money, equipment, instructions and recommendations, but also to communicate with owners, to hear the praise in his address to which they are not bought up and verbally and in writing.

Meetings were held, ordinary and extraordinary. In the instructions sent Tolkacheva symbols indicate places where people had to be secret meetings with U. S. intelligence. These areas included under the name: "Nina", "Valery", "Olga," "Anna", "Novikov," "Schmidt", "Sasha," "Black," "Peter" "Tube". Detailed description of their location and routes of approach to determine the time waiting on the ground, the identification conventions.

As can be seen from Tolkacheva found in graphics for the period from February 1985 to January 1987, provided an opportunity to meet each month. Days they were located in a certain sequence, for each of these days, one place is fixed appearance, regardless of the month, and the constant time. Specific regular monthly meetings between the specified Tolkacheva and American scout at the previous appearance.

Tolkacheva signaled a willingness to go to another meeting was the first alight at a certain time the light in one of the rooms of his apartment, and later - open fortochka one of the windows in the flat due time. The password for the meeting consisted of the phrases: "hello to you from Kathy - intelligence officer," Give greetings from Nicholas "- a response Tolkacheva. Real password: agent holds in her left hand a book to a white cover.

When an emergency call Tolkacheva at an extraordinary meeting of the Americans called him at home. In the words scout: "Call, Please, Olga" Tolkacheva appropriate response: "You are mistaken. We have no such ", which meant an hour of his willingness to be on-site meeting. Tolkacheva Answer: "You do not get it" demonstrated its lack of such a possibility.

In the event of a Tolkacheva the need for an emergency meeting he was due in a certain place to put the conditional tag in chalk the letter "O" and then verify the readiness of Americans to this meeting, which should indicate alight in due time, the light at the famous spy windows of the embassy the United States. Provision and other ways, such as stopping the machine or machines Tolkacheva embassy in a particular time and place.

At a meeting with fellow residents Tolkacheva CIA went one interview was carried out on the street or in the car the agent for 15-20 minutes. Typically, a conversation with the scout Tolkacheva recorded. Much attention Americans paid their indoctrination, strengthen his confidence in the "correct" the decision on cooperation with U. S. intelligence. At nearly every meeting he had received an anti-Soviet books and pamphlets content. In particular, if the detention had been removed from Stombauha Tolkacheva intended for this kind of book, camouflaged under the technical work.

Photo — «Cold War. Exposing
adolf Tolkacheva»

On the cover of one of them mean, "Fundamentals of audio broadcasting, on the other -" Handbook of electrical devices. "

On this occasion Tolkachyov revealed: "As a rule, Americans have sent me books and pamphlets as a Christmas gift . . . I believe that American intelligence has sent me these books for my indoctrination, trying to call me anti-government sentiment. I do not understand it, because I myself have turned to him with a proposal for cooperation and transfer of a number of secret documents linked to them, and my even any treatment was unnecessary. I think that in this case acted in a certain stereotype, resulting in the American secret services to work with others, such as myself, the people. " Americans in management letters have spared no laudatory words, be played in its ambitions, vanity, constantly stressed the importance "of his work, thanked on behalf of the" top-level government. "

During the investigation, Tolkachyov detail what methods he used to collect a secret and secret material. The essence of them was that he had "a full-coil" used the misses in the secret proceedings and the treatment of SRI, where he worked. He found that no checking of documents in spetschemodanah when they surrender at the end of the day, allowing them to keep for several days and make a home for photographing; resorted to various tricks to fill the "authorization" for the issue of secret documents - left unclosed brackets After signing the official documents and fill in the required closing parenthesis; fraudulently received blank form "Solutions", filled in his right side, made it only a small fraction of the inventory numbers of documents that previously examined in the First Division, and transferred to American intelligence officer with photos true "Solutions" and describing the color of ink signatures of the officers for their forgery on a new form. Thus, double-substituted Card Solutions. " It was the second counterfeit card its illogicality has attracted the attention of the inspection operatives.

Some documents Tolkachyov photographed in the toilet Institute. "workplace" for shooting a secret materials Tolkachyov installed at home - from the drawing boards, the wooden bars, and from Americans clamp with a spherical joint, which attaches the camera "Pentaks.

Using lack of control with the documents assigned persons Tolkachyov while at the Research Institute of Instrumentation in the town of Zhukovsky has received from his staff, an important document and, to close at lunch time in one of the rooms of the company, photographed his apparatus "Pentaks, who secretly brought with them.

In late April 1985 in an interview with kontrrazvedchikom one of the staff department of the First Research Institute of Radio, where he worked Tolkachyov, spoke about the violations. Among the offenders it identified and Tolkacheva, which has issued at his request, on receipt secret documents in violation of the existing order for a pass. Once she saw how he had received such a document, went to lunch somewhere on the machine. Returning to office, she checked the availability of the document - it is not proved.

When I checked the card "authorization" Tolkacheva found that it indicated a much smaller amount of material than he actually issued. A more thorough check revealed that Tolkachev had repeatedly taken in the First Division and in the scientific-technical library unnecessary for him to work undercover edition.

Photo — «Cold War. Exposing
adolf Tolkacheva»

Employees of the department, which worked Tolkachyov told that he often left home for dinner. They wondered why he did not take a wife, working in the same institute, but from a sense of tact not to ask such questions Adolf G. .

Suspicions against Tolkacheva further strengthened when it became clear that in the card, where the recorded documents, which he enjoyed, made by no means all inventory numbers of documents. Purely visual librarian to remember that about a year ago in his cart has no place left to write, but this card is only half filled. An examination of the KGB has determined that the signatures of officers in the cart is likely to be counterfeit.

A new phase of work, not less complex than the previous one, aggravated by the fact that in no case could not cause any suspicion on the part of Tolkacheva, nor from its potential partners.

Experts to examine and analyze the entire life of this man, born in 1927 in Aktyubinsk, Russian, non-married, living in Moscow in the house on the square Rebellion. Around talking about him as a highly skilled engineers, leading separate lives, in the past, abused alcohol and lechivshemsya from Narcology. Recently, they purchased cottage and a car. Portrait of supportive love of enrichment, inflated perceptions of their personalities, abilities, purpose. Later in the interrogation Tolkachyov himself has admitted that the offense pushed its unbridled thirst for money, confident that only a large amount of money will give him the independence and relevance.

The Americans showed concern for the safety of its agent. He denied the forgery of passes, reasonably believing that it can be detected, refused to transfer a number of materials that could lead to its interpretation, such benefits for his son (who knew nothing about the criminal activities of his father). Instead, he transferred to the ampoule poison, camouflaged in a pen. In the ampoule was triple fatal adult dose of cyanide. Apparently, owners of suicide seen as the best outcome for the Tolkacheva. The discussion, however, with him and the other option - escape abroad, but, for reasons of his control, did not happen.

Came the inevitable day of reckoning. My mood recently Tolkachyov explained this way: "My fear of failure were due to the following circumstances. In SRI, where I worked, at the end of April became a list of employees authorized to materials for the public identification of the aircraft, with the inclusion of information about home address and phone number. This alerted me, as I passed in March, the Americans some information on this system. " He felt inside that hour of revenge is near. Money lost its value. And once he made it, where to begin our story: the attack of despair and anger burned part of his wealth derived from the Americans. Destruction of part of the equipment. Put away the magnificent jewels, of which up to a search did not know his wife.

For Tolkacheva been installed surveillance. It found that on 5 June 1985, he went to the secret meeting, but his "friend" does not appear. June 13, Tolkachyov at the same time as the June 5, appeared on the streets Pivchenkova, both times previously done with the manipulation fortochkoy. At the same time to the same place towards the 2 nd Secretary, Embassy of United States Paul Stombauh, the CIA officer, whose contact with Tolkacheva have already been recorded.

Photo — «Cold War. Exposing
adolf Tolkacheva»

From the embassy, he went with his wife and three after checking through the streets of Moscow changed, and then, leaving his wife in the car and replacing several kinds of urban transport came to a meeting with Tolkacheva.

When the detention have been removed from Stombauha performed on small sheets of paper instant instructions CIA, five mini-cameras, issued by overseas anti-Soviet works under false cover, money intended for Tolkacheva schemes area meeting place, etc.

Do Tolkacheva were found written communication about the latest developments of military equipment, a mini-camera footage from a secret document. When searching for an apartment was confiscated some material evidence of his espionage activities, including funds taynopisi codes, codes, instructions, ampulla with poison, handwritten material, containing very sensitive information, large amounts of money and jewelry.

Newspaper The Wall Street Journal. " October 1985. Become a member of the editorial board of William Kusevicha: ". . . According to information received from the dignitaries in the United States Intelligence, Tolkachev was one of the most successful agents of the CIA in the Soviet Union . . . For several years, he passed the Americans invaluable information on the latest Soviet studies in the field of aviation technology, especially avionics - the electronic surveillance equipment and countermeasures, including advanced radar and so-called "invisible", or the technique, through which the aircraft can not detect the radar. Such studies is a major achievement in the field of military aircraft . . . He was one of the most profitable sources and save us billions of dollars by transferring information about the direction in which the Soviet aircraft will . . . As a result the U. S. lost one of the most valuable agents in the USSR " .

16-23 June 1986 Tolkacheva case was heard in a court meeting of the Military Collegium of Supreme Court of USSR. Materials investigation found confirmation in the full trial. Wine Tolkacheva installed witnesses and physical evidence.

The Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, recognizing Tolkacheva convicted of treason in the form of espionage, sentenced him to capital punishment - the death penalty.

A necessary addition. 28 April 1994, an American court to life in prison was sentenced Oldrich Ames, former CIA official accused of spying for the Soviet Union. One of the charges against him - "delivery" more than a dozen valuable CIA agents. And among them - "Adolf Tolkacheva, a top secret scientific research institute, which passed the Americans, in particular, information about the system" a - a stranger. "Recruited in Moscow to" cash "basis, and dissatisfaction with service provision. Shot 24 September 1986. " If this is true, and Ames "passed" Tokacheva at the very beginning of their cooperation (April 1985), then we model the successful joint operation by two Soviet secret services - the Intelligence and Counterintelligence.