"REMOVING" TROTSKY

Trotsky and Stalin were personal enemies of a life and death. Both hated each other, and reconciliation between them could not be. However, after 1929, when Trotsky was expelled from the Soviet Union and lived in Turkey, then Norway, then in France, since 1937 - in Mexico, the real power he had a little bit. At convened IV International Congress of them was only twenty of his supporters. On the other hand, the Trotskyites, to organize and more serious actions. For example, during the civil war in Spain, local Trotskyites - POUMovtsy - together with the anarchists rebelled on Republican territory, which could result in tragedy - they were actually opened the front, and the Republicans were forced to withdraw the division from forward positions to suppress the rebellion.

Trotsky was the main force in its promotional articles, the main target of attacks in which Stalin was. Here is just one example.

His malevolent article about the services of Germany, Lev Trotsky Stalin and called: "Stalin - Hitler′s quartermaster. " In this article he wrote that Stalin was "more afraid of war. This is too bright kapitulyantskaya shows his policies . . . Stalin could not fight with the general discontent of workers and peasants, and decapitated them with the army. "

But the Trotskyites were not limited only antistalinskoy propaganda. It gradually turned into anti-Soviet propaganda, is not harmful to Stalin personally, and the Soviet Union, which deprive the position of leader of the world communist movement Trotskyites wanted. Stalin believed that the actions of Trotsky is seriously threatened by the Comintern.

As evidenced by a senior Soviet intelligence PA Sudoplatov, on a narrow meeting in September 1938, Stalin said:

- In trotskistskom movement no important political figures, except the Trotsky. If Trotsky would be eliminated, the threat will be eliminated Komintern . . . Trotsky must be removed within one year before World War I breaks . . .

Stalin clearly preferred streamlined words like "action" (instead of "liquidation") and "removing" (instead of "murder"), and said that, if successful, the action "the party will never forget those in involved, and take care not only about themselves, but all members of their families. "

The head of "action", which was called "duck", was appointed an experienced scout N. Eytingon. No one better than his agency did not know who settled in Mexico after the civil war in Spain. It is also well-known agency in Western Europe and the United States and managed independently skolotit two of these agents.

Photo — «"removing" Trotsky»

One group received the code name "horse", the other - "Mother".

The first group headed by the famous Mexican artist David Alfaro Siqueiros, a veteran of the civil war in Spain, where he commanded a brigade, the second - Caridad Mercader, a Spanish revolyutsionerka, courageous and selfless woman. Her eldest son died in combat with frankistami; average, Ramon, fought in partisan detachments, Jr. , Louis, in 1939, arrived in Moscow, among other Spanish children, rescued from the war.

Both groups had acted completely independently and did not know about each other. And the task before them were different. If the group is "The horse is ready to storm the villa Trotsky in Koyyakane, a suburb of Mexico City, a group of" Mother "tried to deep penetration in the environment of Lev Trotsky. The point is that in his area did not have any Soviet agent. Because of this stop and the work of the first group - because there was no plan of the villa, was unknown to the system of protection and admission to the villa, knew nothing about the daily Trotsky.

Path to Neighborhood Trotsky lay through the heart of a woman. In order to win it, a young, handsome, energetic Ramon Mercader was withdrawn from the ranks of Spanish guerrillas and sent to Paris, where the headquarters trotskistskih organizations led by the son of Trotsky, Lev Sedov.

Ramon (under the nickname "Raymond") has entered into trotskistskie community, but to keep it independent, not "vstreval" in their affairs and did not attempt to gain credibility. But I got acquainted with the officer′s sister, Ruth Agelov Trotsky, who is svyaznikom with his supporters in the United States. This sister, Sylvia, lived in New York. The meeting made it through the ingenious combination. Trusted the New York residency, Ruby Weil met and made friends with Sylvia, and then received a legacy "and invited her to Paris, where 1 Jul. , 1938 in the cafe, they" accidentally "met with" an old family friend Weil "Ramon. He quickly close with Sylvia, followed by frequent meetings, joint visits, it came to marriage. But Sylvia had to return to New York. Some time later there appeared Ramon, with a forged Canadian passport in the name of Frank Jackson.

In October 1939, he moved to Mexico, and in January 1940, there after it came Sylvia. Taking the recommendation of his sister, she met with Trotsky, and two months, worked his secretary. On the true role of Raymonda she knew nothing.

During his stay in Mexico City of Sylvia, he has made no attempt to enter the villa, but the daily zaezzhal for the woman, protection of used to it.

Photo — «"removing" Trotsky»

In March 1940, Ramona was invited for the first time at the Villa. Since then, he went there (on the log protection) 12 times, spent a total of more than 5 hours, several times in the garden met with Trotsky and talked with him.

Mercader extracted useful information about the protection of houses converted into a fortress and its inhabitants, and handed it Eytingonu, which at that time was in Mexico City and was in constant contact with Siqueiros, direct the head of terrorist group in which there was not a Soviet agent, but its personal friends.

May 24, 1940, around four o′clock in the morning a group of 20 men dressed in uniforms of Mexican police and soldiers under the command Siqueiros came to the gate of the villa-castle. Called call duty - it was Robert Sheldon Hart, an American, who opened the gate and let the attackers. They grabbed and locked in the indoor guard, off the audible signal. Climbing up, took up positions around the bedroom Trotsky and opened fire with a hand machine gun and small arms, fired over 200 bullets. Trotsky and his wife, soskolznuv out of bed, hid under her, and remained unharmed.

The attackers, after the shooting and capturing a Sheldon Hart, fled in two vehicles. His captive, considering his American agent (which is true), they were killed, and they scattered in the surroundings.

Police managed to trace to the meal. Were detained by members of secondary attacks, and the rest, except Siqueiros, managed to escape. The artist was detained in July 1940, but the decision of the president, a great admirer of his talent, Siqueiros was released, and he left the country. Before that, he said that the attack was not to kill Trotsky, and cause psychological stress and use it as a protest against the residence Trotsky in Mexico.

Soon, from Mexico City was startler message: August 20, 1940 assassinated Trotsky on receiving the fatal wound from which he died the following evening.

What happened at the Villa Koyyakane?

When Ramon during Sylvia Secretary Trotsky (January - March 1940) zaezzhal every day for her, he met and became friends with Trotsky was visiting his old friends and Alfred Margarita Rosmerami. As a man - fiancé Sylvia, buddy Rosmerov - he was perceived Trotsky and his wife. Once, in August 1940, Ramon (he was known to Trotsky and his entourage as a Belgian national, Jacques Mornar) Trotsky showed his article on trotskistskih organizations in the United States and asked for his comments. Trotsky took the article and offered to go to the province on 20 August to discuss the article.

On that day, Ramon came armed with a pistol at the villa, ice ax and a knife hidden in the jacket lining.

Photo — «"removing" Trotsky»

The knife was needed in the event that the Guard will detect and offer to hand over the gun and ice. But no one stopped, and he calmly entered the room Trotsky. He sat at the table, putting the article itself, and began to speak. Ramon stood behind him, as if listening attentively to the comments of "teacher". Then the ice out a slightly razmahnulsya and Trotsky struck on the head. The blow was not fatal - Trotsky turned around, wildly cried and seized the teeth in your hand Mercader. Burst protection grabbed Ramon, brutally, to a pulp, beat him and roll.

Trotsky was taken to hospital, where 21 Aug. , 1940 died.

Ramon Mercader was placed in jail. Beginning of a long investigation. He demanded a clean confession, which, however, neither then nor subsequently did not receive. Through the Belgian envoy found that Ramon was not a Belgian subjects Jacques Mornarom. Ramon, however, stood on their own, reaffirming the version contained in the letter, which he conveyed to senior medical carriages, which carried him after his detention. The letter stated that he Mornar Jacques, a Belgian national, arrived in Mexico at the suggestion of one of the members of IV International (the name is not named) to enter into contact with Trotsky. He also received money for the trip and a passport in the name of Frank Jackson. The letter detailed the reasons for the killing: the disappointment in the theory and practice trotskizma as a result of friendship with Trotsky, and especially after Trotsky had to send it to the Soviet Union to carry out terrorist acts and the killing of Stalin. Besides Trotsky objected to his marriage to Sylvia.

Having received no recognition, the investigation was to apply the moral-psychological and physical effects. At the police station torture continued for several weeks. During the preliminary investigation, Ramon seven months held in the basement, "as a - as stated in an official memorandum, - subject to unspeakable abuse and humiliation . . . He was on the verge of losing. "

Only in May 1944, Mexico City Federal District Court passed sentence: 20 years′ imprisonment (the death penalty in the country). Ramón Mercader had to stay in prison 19 years, 8 months and 4 days. During this time he brought some serious diseases. However, never doubted the rightness of their cause and did not give any evidence.

His stay in prison skrashivala born love for his sister of one of the prisoners - Rokelii Mendoza. It has provided him with moral and material assistance, safely, confidently and courageously playing the role svyaznika. Ramon and Rokeliya married and lived happily until the end of his days.

Photo — «"removing" Trotsky»

May 6, 1960 Ramon was released. After he arrived in Cuba to the USSR, where the June 8, he was awarded the Gold Star. He became the first scout to receive during the life of the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Ramon Rokeliya and lived in the USSR until 1974, but the northern climate seriously affected their health, and they moved to Cuba, where Ramon died in 1978. According to his last will, the urn with his ashes buried in Moscow.

Long time did not know who is actually a "Jean Mornar. Only a few years after the Trotskyites, the court found that the convict - Spaniard Ramon Mercader. He identified photographs of several Spaniards, former members of international teams, remember, and wounded in the right forearm (it was confirmed when his examination in the prison hospital). In the archives of the Spanish police found the fingerprints of Ramona, who was arrested in 1935 in Barcelona for communist activities.

Mother Ramona and Eytingon a day before the assassination in Mexico City and waited in his car near the villa Koyyakane. They saw the house with Trotsky revom flew police and ambulances. But Ramon does not appear.

Around 10 o′clock in the evening, Mexican Radio reported details of the assassination. Immediately after this Eytingon and Caridad Mercader left Mexico. For some time they stayed in Cuba, then went to the United States and then in the USSR. After the war, Caridad was living in Paris, where it met the Soviet razvedchitsa Zynaida Batraeva transmitted news of his son. As told Batraeva the author of these lines, "Mother" is constantly asking her: "Is the Soviet intelligence - a powerful - and can not escape my son?"

Indeed, the question of escape Ramona has been discussed, and even were entrusted residency in New York and Mexico City to organize it. But nothing happened. Besides himself Ramon opposed these attempts, that in his dedication can be attributed to the reluctance to cause damage to Soviet intelligence in the event of failure. Failed attempts to release the Ramona early on amnesty or pardon.

Dust Mercader rests on Kuntsevskaya cemetery under the name Ramon I. Lopez, Hero of the Soviet Union.

Pictures communist David Siqueiros decorate one of the most "capitalist" buildings in New York - Rockefeller Center. "

And as a political trotskizm over virtually ceased to exist after the death of Lev Trotsky.